Dengue is most affected city around the world

Dengue is also known as break bone fever is an infections tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. The word dengue is Spanish for “affectation,” “Careful” or “ fastidious” 

Some researchaers believe that the name came from a Swahili Phase Ka dinga pepo or a disease caused by an evil spirit. Dengue symptoms include fever, headache, muscle and joint pains, and a characteristic skin rash that is similar to muscles. In a small proportion of cases the disease develops into the life-threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) resulting in Bleeding, low–levels of blood platelets and blood plasma leakage or in to dengue shock syndrome where dangerously low blood pressure occurs. 

The virus has four different but related types 1-4 (Den 1-4) infection with one type usually gives lifelong  immunity to that others. There are upto 100 million cases of dengue fever worldwide every year; the most common occurance are in urban parts of subtropical and tropical areas such as Central and South America, parts of Africa, parts of Asia, the Caribbean and Pacific region. Dengue fever virus (DENV) is an RNA virus of the family Falavivridae; genus Falavivirus other members of the same genus include yellow fever virus, West Nile virus, St. Louis encephalitis virus, encephalitis virus, tick-borne encephalitis virus and Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus.  

The dengue virus genome code for the three different types of form proteinmolecules (C,prM and E ) that form the virus particle and seven other types of protein molecules (NS1, NS2a, NS2b, NS3, NS4a, NS4b, NS5) that are only found in infected host cells and are required for replication of the virus. The diagnosis of dengue is include cell Culture, PCR and anti-body detection by ELISA.

As there is no approved Dengue vaccine prevention is sought by reducing the habitat and the number of mosquitoes and limiting exposure to bites. ADI has developed anti-body Elisa kits to determine the efficiency of Dengue Vaccines.